Negin Evgeniy Arkadyevich – head of the gas dynamics department KB-11 of the Ministry of Medium Engineering of the USSR, Gorky region.

Born on January 16, 1921 in the village of Bor, Nizhny Novgorod province (now the city of Bor, Nizhny Novgorod region) in the family of an employee. Russian.

He studied at a secondary school in the village of Bor, then moved to secondary school No. 1 in the city of Gorky, from which he graduated with honors in 1938. Without exams, he was admitted to the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics of Gorky State University (now Nizhny Novgorod State University named after N.I. Lobachevsky). After completing the 3rd year of university, from the first days of the Great Patriotic War, he worked as a carpenter's apprentice at factory No. 21 named after Ordzhonikidze (Gorky).

In July 1941, he was drafted into the Red Army and sent to the N.E. Zhukovsky Air Force Engineering Academy to study at the small arms department. Member of the CPSU(b)/CPSU since 1943.

In 1944, he graduated with honors from the N.E. Zhukovsky Air Force Engineering Academy and remained in full-time postgraduate study. He was repeatedly sent to the active army to train flight personnel in handling new weapons and to analyze the results of their use. Participant in the Victory Parade on Red Square in Moscow on June 24, 1945. In 1948 he defended his dissertation for the degree of Candidate of Technical Sciences. Then - junior teacher at the small arms department of the academy.

Since 1949 - on research work at the nuclear center (KB-11) in Arzamas-16, Gorky region (now RFNC-VNIIEF - Russian Federal Nuclear Center - All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Physics, Sarov, Nizhny Novgorod region) as a junior Researcher He showed high creative abilities and organizational talent. Soon he became a senior researcher in the theoretical sector, in 1952 - deputy head of the gas dynamics department for scientific issues, in 1953 - head of the ground automation group, and from May 1955 - deputy chief designer and scientific director of KB-11. During these years, he worked intensively on issues of the effectiveness of nuclear charges. Personally participated in numerous tests of nuclear charges, including the first underwater nuclear explosion (1955), air explosions on Novaya Zemlya, the first underground nuclear explosion (1961), and the suppression of an oil flare using a nuclear explosion in Urta-Balaka (Uzbek SSR).

In 1959-1991 - chief designer of nuclear charges at the Russian Federal Nuclear Center-VNIIEF, at the same time in 1966-1978 - first deputy scientific director of the institute of three times Hero of Socialist Labor, Academician Yu.B. Khariton.

By Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of September 11, 1956 (“closed”) for exceptional services to the state in carrying out a special task of the Government Negin Evgeniy Arkadievich awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor with the Order of Lenin and the Hammer and Sickle gold medal.

In 1978-1987 - Director and Chief Designer of the Russian Federal Nuclear Center - VNIIEF, in 1988-1998 - Advisor to the Director of the RFNC-VNIIEF, since 1992 - Head of the Laboratory of Historical Research. In 1996, he headed the organizing committee for the preparation of the Social-Historical Conference on the Development of Domestic Nuclear Weapons.

He had great organizational talent, along with a scientific mindset. He was a demanding leader and was critical of his decisions. He worked “to the max”, not paying attention to everyday problems. At the same time, he never showed his superiority in his official position, his exactingness was never expressed in a rude and harsh form.

LAVRENTIEV MIKHAIL ALEXEEVICH

Hero of Socialist Labor, Academician of the USSR Academy of Sciences and the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences, Doctor of Technical and Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Professor, laureate of Lenin and two State Prizes

Lavrentiev M. A. was born in Kazan. After graduating from high school in 1918, he entered Kazan University, and in 1921 he transferred to Moscow State University, from which he graduated in 1922. He remained in graduate school. In parallel with scientific work, from 1921 he carried out continuous teaching work, first as an assistant teacher, and from 1929 - as a professor. In 1936 he was elected academician of the Ukrainian SSR Academy of Sciences. From 1939 to 1949 - Director of the Mathematical Institute of the Ukrainian SSR Academy of Sciences in Kyiv. For his work on the theory of cumulation in 1946 he was awarded the State Prize. In 1946, M. A. Lavrentyev was elected a full member of the USSR Academy of Sciences. In 1949 he returned to work in Moscow. For numerous achievements in the field of mathematics and mechanics in 1949, M. A. Lavrentiev was awarded the second State Prize. From 1950 to 1953 Mikhail Alekseevich works as director of the Institute of Precision Mechanics and Computer Science of the USSR Academy of Sciences. In 1953, he arrived at KB-11 as a deputy scientific director. In 1955, he was seconded to work at the USSR Academy of Sciences, and continued to work part-time at KB-11 until 1957. At KB-11, he headed the work on creating an atomic artillery charge, for which in 1958 he was awarded the title of Lenin Prize laureate. In 1957, M. A. Lavrentiev took an active part in the creation of the Siberian Branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences. He becomes vice-president of the USSR Academy of Sciences and chairman of the Siberian branch. Lavrentyev M.A. was awarded five Orders of Lenin, the Order of the October Revolution, three Orders of the Red Banner of Labor and the Order of the Patriotic War, II degree. The USSR Academy of Sciences awarded him its highest award - the gold medal named after. M. V. Lomonosov.

MIKHAILOV VIKTOR NIKITOVICH

Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences and Russian Academy of Sciences, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, laureate of Lenin and State Prizes

Mikhailov V.N. was born in the village. Sopronovo, Leninsky district, Moscow region. In 1952 he entered MEPhI, in 1958 he graduated with honors from the institute with a degree in “Theoretical Nuclear Physics”, having received the qualification of an engineer-physicist. In 1957 he came to VNIIEF and worked here until 1969 in the positions of engineer, senior engineer, deputy head of department, head of department in the department of theoretical physicists. V.N. Mikhailov personally and under his leadership in the department developed about ten samples of nuclear charges with high tactical and technical characteristics, which then entered service with the Soviet Army. In 1962, Mikhailov V.N. was awarded the Order of the Badge of Honor, in 1963 he was awarded the gratitude of the USSR Government, and in 1967 he was awarded the title of Lenin Prize laureate. In 1968, he defended his dissertation for the degree of candidate of physical and mathematical sciences. In 1969, V.N. Mikhailov was seconded to Moscow to the NIIIT. From 1978 to 1987 he works as deputy director for scientific work - chief designer of NIIIT, and in 1987-1988. - director and chief designer of NIIIT. In 1974 he was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor. In 1976, Mikhailov V.N. defended his dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Technical Sciences. In 1982 he became a laureate of the USSR State Prize. He works as the head of the MEPhI department. In 1984 he was awarded the academic title of professor. He is a member of the expert council of the Higher Attestation Commission of the Russian Federation. In 1997 he was elected a full member of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Mikhailov V.N. participated in the socio-political life of the country. He was elected as a deputy of the regional Council of People's Deputies in Moscow. In 1988-1992 Viktor Nikitovich works as Deputy Minister for the Weapons Complex, and in 1992-1998. - Minister of Atomic Energy and Industry of the Russian Federation. Mikhailov V.N. was awarded the Order of Merit for the Fatherland, III degree (1995), the Order of Honor (2005) and many medals. In 1997 he was awarded the State Prize of the Russian Federation. Mikhailov V.N. was the director of the Federal Unitary Enterprise "Institute of Strategic Stability" of Rosatom, honorary scientific director of the RFNC-VNIIEF.

MUZRUKOV BORIS GLEBOVICH

Twice Hero of Socialist Labor, laureate of Lenin and two State Prizes, major general engineer

Muzrukov B.G. was born in Lodeynoye Pole. In 1922 he graduated from high school, entered the workers' faculty, then the Leningrad Polytechnic Institute. In 1929, B. G. Muzrukov graduated from the institute and was sent to the Kirov plant as a foreman. Two years later he became the deputy head of the workshop, then the head of the workshop, and in 1938 - the chief metallurgist of the plant. In 1939, under his leadership, the plant mastered the production of cast turrets for tanks instead of riveted ones, for which in May 1939 he was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor. In October 1939, by decision of the Politburo and order of the People's Commissar of Heavy Engineering, B. G. Muzrukov was appointed director of Uralmash. For organizing the serial production of T-34 tanks and self-propelled guns in January 1943, B. G. Muzrukov was awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor. In 1951 and 1953 - laureate of the State Prize. In 1947, by decision of the government, B. G. Muzrukov was transferred to the Mayak chemical plant. For his work on the creation and development of plutonium production for the first atomic bomb, B. G. Muzrukov in 1949 was one of the first in the country to become twice a Hero of Socialist Labor. After Mayak, B. G. Muzrukov headed the 4th Directorate of the Ministry of Medium Machine Building for some time. In June 1955, he became director of KB-11 (VNIIEF) and led it for almost 20 years until he retired to a personal pension of union importance in 1974. In 1962, he was awarded the Lenin Prize. The period of his work at VNIIEF was marked by the huge volume of developed atomic charges for all branches of the military, as well as the development of the industrial base and social structure of the city. Boris Glebovich was awarded three Orders of Lenin, the Order of the October Revolution, three Orders of the Red Banner of Labor, the Order of Kutuzov, 1st degree, and the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree.
By the decision of the executive committee of the City Council dated October 1, 1979, part of Moskovskaya Street was renamed Muzrukov Avenue.

NEGIN EVGENY ARKADIEVICH

Hero of Socialist Labor, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, laureate of Lenin and three State Prizes of the USSR, Lieutenant General of Aviation

Negin E. A. was born in Bor, Nizhny Novgorod region. In 1938, he graduated with honors from high school in Gorky and entered Gorky State University without exams. In 1941, after completing three courses, he was drafted into the army and sent as a cadet to the Air Force Engineering Academy. N. E. Zhukovsky. After graduating from the academy's aviation weapons department in 1944, he was enrolled in an adjunct program in the small arms and cannon weapons department. In 1948, he completed his postgraduate studies, defended his dissertation for the degree of Candidate of Technical Sciences, and was retained at the department as a junior teacher. In 1949 he was transferred to work at KB-11, where until 1952 he worked as a junior and then a senior researcher in the gas dynamics department in the theoretical sector. The main area of ​​activity of E. A. Negin during this period was hydrodynamic systems associated with the development of charges for RDS products and calculation of the effectiveness of these charges. At the same time, he was engaged in solving problems related to the work of experimental gas dynamics. In 1951 he became a laureate of the State Prize. In 1952, E. A. Negin was appointed deputy head of the experimental gas dynamics department for scientific affairs and head of the department. In 1953, for his participation in the gas-dynamic testing of the charges of the first hydrogen bomb, he was awarded the title of State Prize laureate for the second time. In May 1955, Evgeniy Arkadyevich was appointed deputy chief designer and scientific director of KB-11. For the development of new nuclear charges in 1956, E. A. Negin was awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor, and in 1959 - the title of Lenin Prize laureate. In 1958 he became a Doctor of Technical Sciences. In 1959, E. A. Negin became the chief designer for the development of nuclear charges (KB-1). In 1978, E. A. Negin was appointed director of VNIIEF, retaining the positions of chief designer and first deputy scientific director. In 1979 he was elected a full member of the USSR Academy of Sciences, and in 1985 he became a laureate of the State Prize. Evgeniy Arkadyevich was engaged in social and political activities. He was a delegate to the XXI and XXVI Congresses of the CPSU. In recent years, he worked as an adviser to the VNIIEF directorate, and since 1992 he has headed the Laboratory of Historical Research. Negin E. A. was awarded four Orders of Lenin, the Order of the October Revolution, two Orders of the Red Banner of Labor, the Order of the Red Star and many medals.
By decision of the City Duma of Sarov No. 81/4-gd on 07/09/2009, Turgenev and Volodarsky streets were renamed Academician Negin Street.

PAVLOV NIKOLAY IVANOVICH

Hero of Socialist Labor, Lieutenant General, laureate of the Lenin and State Prizes

Nikolai Ivanovich was born in Moscow into a working-class family. At the age of 15 he began working as a mechanic. In 1931 he entered the Moscow Institute of Catering Engineers at the Faculty of Technology, after which he was accepted into graduate school. In 1938, he was sent to work in state security agencies, where he rose from an ordinary employee to the head of a regional department, major general. In March 1946, Nikolai Ivanovich was transferred to work in the apparatus of the Council of Ministers of the USSR, where he was entrusted with organizing security support for the creation of the first domestic nuclear reactor. In 1946, he was appointed authorized CM of the USSR at Laboratory No. 2 of the USSR Academy of Sciences, where on December 25, 1946, together with I.V. Kurchatov and other laboratory employees, he took part in the startup of the reactor. In 1949, he became deputy head of the PGU under the USSR Council of Ministers, and from 1950 - first deputy. In 1951, N.I. Pavlov was awarded the State Prize. Since 1953, Nikolai Ivanovich worked as deputy and then head of the Main Directorate for the Design and Testing of MSM Atomic Munitions. For his contribution to the country's defense capability, Nikolai Ivanovich Pavlov was awarded government awards: in 1956 he was awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor with the Order of Lenin and the Hammer and Sickle gold medal. In 1962 he became a Lenin Prize laureate. In 1964, Major General N. I. Pavlov was appointed director of the VNIIA named after. Dukhova. In 1987, Nikolai Ivanovich retired for health reasons.

PAVLOVSKY ALEXANDER IVANOVICH

Hero of Socialist Labor, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, laureate of Lenin and three State Prizes

Pavlovsky A.I. was born in Zaporozhye. In 1951 he graduated from the Faculty of Physics of Kharkov State University. In the same year he was sent to work at KB-11. He was involved in the creation of high-intensity neutron generators, neutron physics, and nuclear fission physics. At first, A.I. Pavlovsky worked as a senior laboratory assistant, after some time he headed the laboratory, and since 1960 he headed a large research department at VNIIEF. In 1953, A.I. Pavlovsky was awarded the State Prize. In 1971, he headed the sector (department) of fundamental and applied research, then became deputy and first deputy scientific director, while simultaneously heading the department. In 1963, A. I. Pavlovsky defended his doctoral dissertation. In the same year he was awarded the Lenin Prize. In 1979, Alexander Ivanovich was elected corresponding member of the USSR Academy of Sciences in the department of nuclear physics. For his work in the field of nuclear physics, used in the interests of creating nuclear and thermonuclear weapons, A. I. Pavlovsky was awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor in 1966. In 1983, he again became a laureate of the State Prize. In 1988, he was awarded the title "Honored Worker of Science and Technology of the Russian Federation." In 1992, Alexander Ivanovich was elected academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences. In 1999, for the high results obtained with microwave radiation generators, he was awarded the title of State Prize laureate (posthumously).

PETROV NIKOLAY ALEXANDROVICH

Hero of Socialist Labor, Candidate of Technical Sciences, laureate of the Lenin and State Prizes

Petrov N.A. was born in Pavlovsk, Leningrad region. In 1932 he graduated from the Shostka Institute of Chemical Technology. He began his career at the experimental plant No. 1 NKSM as a deputy manager and then as a shop manager. In 1936 he was invited to the position of head of the design bureau. From 1939 to 1942 he works as chief engineer. In 1942 he was evacuated to Gorky, then entered the NKB plant No. 550 in Sarov. Worked as senior technologist, chief technologist, chief engineer. In 1945, he was awarded the Order of the Badge of Honor for mastering the production of shell casings for the Katyusha guard mortars. When KB-11 was organized in Sarov, he was hired as the chief engineer of the plant. For the development of new technological processes and mastery of the production of the first samples of nuclear charges in 1953, Nikolai Aleksandrovich was awarded the title of State Prize laureate. In 1956, a special department was created for the development of new materials and advanced technological processes. Petrov N.A. was appointed head of the department. By this time, he had already defended his dissertation for the degree of Candidate of Technical Sciences. For his contribution to the development of new materials and technologies used in the development of nuclear charges, he was twice awarded the Order of Lenin (1950 and 1956). In 1961 he was awarded the title of Lenin Prize laureate. Since 1960 - First Deputy Director of VNIIEF - Chief Engineer. Nikolai Alexandrovich worked in this position for almost 20 years. In 1960, Petrov N.A. was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor, and in 1971 - the Order of the October Revolution. In 1962, N.A. Petrov was awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor, he was awarded the Order of Lenin for the third time. In 1979, on the initiative of Petrov N.A., the Laboratory of Historical Research was created, he was its first director.

PRYALOV EVGENY ANDREEVICH

Hero of Socialist Labor, highly qualified turner

Born in the village of Maksimovo, Belozersky district, Vologda region. In 1940, after finishing 4 classes, he began his career as an ordinary collective farmer. In 1944, E. A. Pryalov was drafted into the army as a 17-year-old boy. He served in the troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs until 1948. From 1948 to 1955 he served as a sergeant major in the paramilitary fire department. After demobilization in 1955, he worked at the Avangard plant. He worked as a turner from 1956 until his retirement. Received the highest 7th category in 1967. He constantly performed the most complex and responsible work in the development and implementation of new types of products, producing products of only excellent quality. In 1971, for the successful completion of the five-year plan, he was awarded the Order of Lenin. For outstanding labor successes in 1973, E. A. Pryalov was awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor with the Order of Lenin and the Hammer and Sickle gold medal.

ROMANOV YURY ALEXANDROVICH

Hero of Socialist Labor, Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Professor, laureate of the Lenin and State Prizes of the USSR

Romanov Yu. A. was born in Moscow into a family of employees. In 1947 he graduated with honors from Moscow State University. After graduating from the university, he enrolled in graduate school at the Physics Institute of the USSR Academy of Sciences. In 1950, together with a group headed by Tamm I.E., he was transferred to work at KB-11 (VNIIEF) to solve theoretical issues of creating a hydrogen bomb. Worked as a junior researcher, senior researcher, and head of department. In 1952, Yu. A. Romanov defended his dissertation for the academic degree of Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences on methods for calculating neutron kinetic processes. For the successful completion of work on the creation of the first thermonuclear charge in 1953, he was awarded the USSR State Prize and was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor. In 1956, for the development of a fundamentally new design of thermonuclear charges, he was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor for the second time. In 1955, in connection with the formation of NII-1011 (VNIITF), Yu. A. Romanov was transferred to the new institute to the position of head of the theoretical department, then appointed deputy scientific director, and in 1960 - first deputy scientific director of VNIIP (VNIITF) while maintaining the duties of the head of the department. In 1958, he was awarded the academic degree of Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences without defending a dissertation. For a set of works related to the exploration of outer space and work on the study of the damaging factors of high-altitude explosions, Yu. A. Romanov was awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor and the Order of Lenin in 1961. Since 1962 he has been a professor, and in 1963 he was awarded the Lenin Prize. In 1967, Yu. A. Romanova returned to VNIIEF as a deputy scientific director and since 1969 has headed the department of theoretical physicists. In 1971, Yu. A. Romanov was awarded the Order of the October Revolution, and in 1975 he was awarded the USSR State Prize. Since 1998 - Deputy Scientific Director for Missile Defense, Chief Researcher of the Department. In 1997 he was awarded the Order of Merit for the Fatherland, III degree.

RYABEV LEV DMITRIEVICH

Laureate of State Prizes of the USSR and the Russian Federation

Ryabev L.D. was born in Vologda into the family of an employee. In 1951 he graduated from high school and entered the Moscow Engineering Physics Institute. In 1956 he arrived at VNIIEF for pre-graduation practice, and in 1957 he graduated from the institute, receiving the qualification of a physics engineer. He began his career as a research engineer, in 1961 he became a senior engineer, and in December of the same year - a junior researcher. He was engaged in gas-dynamic studies of nuclear weapons designs being developed. In 1963, L. D. Ryabev was elected second secretary of the CPSU Civil Code. In 1967, he returned to the management of VNIIEF as Deputy Chief Engineer for Production and NOT. In 1969, L.D. Ryabev was sent to Gorky as the head of the defense industry department of the Gorky Regional Committee of the CPSU. At the end of 1972, L. D. Ryabev was appointed first deputy director, and in 1974 - director of VNIIEF. In 1978, L.D. Ryabev was transferred to work in Moscow. He becomes the head of the sector of the defense department of the Central Committee for medium-sized mechanical engineering. In 1983 he was awarded the State Prize. In 1984 he was appointed Deputy Minister of Medium Engineering, and in 1986 - Minister of Medium Engineering of the USSR. In 1989, at a session of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, he was approved as Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR, Chairman of the Bureau of the Council of Ministers of the USSR for the fuel and energy complex. Since 1991, L. D. Ryabev has been Deputy Prime Minister of the USSR and Chairman of the State Fuel and Energy Commission of the Cabinet of Ministers. Since 1993, Ryabev L.D. - First Deputy Minister. He coordinates many issues: nuclear weapons and disarmament, conversion in the nuclear weapons complex, nuclear energy, the development of new forms of ownership and market relations on assigned topics, and many others. In 1994 he was awarded the title of laureate of the State Prize of the Russian Federation. Since 2002, he has been an adviser to the minister and deputy director of the RFNC-VNIIEF for development. In 2003 he was awarded a prize from the Government of the Russian Federation. Ryabev L.D. was awarded the Order of Lenin (1976), twice the Order of the Badge of Honor and medals.

SAKHAROV ANDREY DMITRIEVICH

Three times Hero of Socialist Labor, academician of the USSR Academy of Sciences, Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, laureate of the Lenin, State and Nobel Prizes

Sakharov A.D. was born in Moscow. Father is a physics teacher, a famous author of textbooks and popular science books. In 1938, he graduated from school with honors and entered the Faculty of Physics of Moscow State University, from which he graduated with honors in 1942. In September 1942, he was sent to Ulyanovsk to plant No. 3 named after. Volodarsky Main Directorate of the People's Commissariat of Armaments, where he worked until 1945. In 1945, he was admitted to graduate school at the Physics Institute of the USSR Academy of Sciences. Lebedeva. The scientific supervisor of Andrei Dmitrievich’s work was I.E. Tamm. In 1947, Sakharov A.D. defended his dissertation for the academic degree of candidate of physical and mathematical sciences. In 1948, Andrei Dmitrievich was included in the research group for the development of thermonuclear weapons. By resolution of the Council of Ministers of the USSR dated February 26, 1950, as part of I. E. Tamm’s calculation and theoretical group, he began work at KB-11 (VNIIEF). Worked as head of a laboratory, head of a sector (department), and deputy scientific director. He conducted a number of important studies and became one of the initiators of work on the study of controlled thermonuclear reactions, experimental work on the creation of explosive magnetic generators, and also made a decisive contribution to the creation of hydrogen weapons. A.D. Sakharov - three times Hero of Socialist Labor (1953, 1956, 1962). Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences (1953), Academician of the USSR Academy of Sciences (1953). In the same year he became a laureate of the State Prize, and in 1956 - a laureate of the Lenin Prize. Andrei Dmitrievich was one of the initiators of the conclusion of the Treaty banning the testing of atomic weapons in three environments (atmosphere, water and space). In 1968, A.D. Sakharov was removed from secret work in connection with his departure to Moscow. Since the summer of 1969 - senior researcher at the Physical Institute of the USSR Academy of Sciences. Lebedeva. From that time on, they were not offered any significant works or ideas in science. His activities were aimed at the human rights movement, for which he received the Nobel Peace Prize (1975). Awarded the Order of Lenin.
By decision of the City Council dated February 28, 1991, Zhdanova Street was renamed

Evgeniy Arkadyevich devoted almost 50 years of his life to work at RFNC-VNIIEF - Russian Federal Nuclear Center All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Physics (“Arzamas-16”).

Biography

Born on January 16, 1921 in the village of Bor, Nizhny Novgorod province (now the city of Bor, Nizhny Novgorod region) in the family of an employee. Russian.

He studied at a secondary school in the village of Bor, then moved to secondary school No. 1 in the city of Gorky, from which he graduated with honors in 1938. Without exams, he was admitted to the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics of Gorky State University (now Nizhny Novgorod State University named after N. I. Lobachevsky). After completing the 3rd year of university, from the first days of the Great Patriotic War, he began working as a carpenter's apprentice at factory No. 21 named after Ordzhonikidze (Gorky).

1948 - defense of a candidate's dissertation at the Air Force Academy named after. N. E. Zhukovsky and the beginning of teaching at his native department of small arms.

Since 1949, E. A. Negin has been an employee of KB-11 in Sarov. Starting as a junior researcher, he soon became deputy head of the sector for scientific issues. In 1959, at the age of 38, E. A. Negin was the chief designer, and since 1966, the first deputy scientific director of Yuli Borisovich Khariton. After 12 years, Evgeniy Arkadyevich works in the most responsible positions of director from 1978 to 1987 and at the same time as chief designer of nuclear charges from 1959 to 1991.

Died February 3, 1998. On February 6, 1998, the “nuclear city” of Sarov and the institute said goodbye to their honorary citizen and honorary veteran of the RFNC VNIIEF, participant in the Great Patriotic War and the Victory Parade, academician, lieutenant general of aviation Evgeniy Arkadyevich Negin.

E. A. Negin was buried in the city cemetery among the honorary citizens of Sarov. The last military honors were given with a gun salute and anthem.

Scientist's Case

Not all theorists also have organizational talent. He knew how he had to work almost seven days a week, not being at home for six months, putting up with everyday unsettled conditions and eating “like everyone else.” He was distinguished by the balance of rare qualities: a scientific mindset and practical acumen.

The “Neginsky method” of the leadership was chosen correctly: it demanded that you always get to the bottom of the truth yourself, be critical of your methods, and only in extreme cases “cry out for help.” Evgeniy Arkadyevich never emphasized his superiority in his official position; his exactingness, sometimes harsh, was never expressed in a rude and harsh form.

In the last decade of his life, E. A. Negin thought a lot and keenly felt personal responsibility for the future fate of the Nuclear Center. Despite his deteriorating health and family tragedy (the death of his wife Valentina Romanovna), from 1988 he continued to work for another 10 years as an adviser to the director of the institute and head of the historical research laboratory. He understood that the restructuring that had begun could also affect the Nuclear Center.

In numerous interviews and publications, he expressed strong convictions about the need to preserve the unique scientific and technical association that VNIIEF is. On the eve of the 50th anniversary of the institute, celebrated in 1996, Academician Negin headed the organizing committee for the preparation of the Social-Historical Conference on the development of domestic nuclear weapons.
During these years, when the secrecy regime wavered, in pursuit of sensation, many journalists began to publish literally fables, which spoke very roughly, and sometimes distortedly, about the solution to the atomic problem in our country. They even agreed that our academicians Yu. B. Khariton and A. D. Sakharov were allegedly “gifted” by intelligence officers with an atomic and even a hydrogen bomb. One myth and speculation replaced another, but there was no increase in clarity. Then the scientists themselves, the true creators of the atomic project, put pen to paper, knowing the whole history of the country’s first Nuclear Center “from the inside.”

In the early 1990s, statements by our politicians that we, our country, had no enemies began to cause alarm. Yes, it seems that there are no obvious enemies, that is, in words. But there are no friends either! All this had to be thought about during visits of high management to the Nuclear Center.

So, in 1917, President B. Yeltsin came there. Admired by the achievements of science, installations that have no equal in the world, he solemnly declared: “You are the pride of Russia! Keep going! Russia needs you! You should be paid five times for your work!” The institute leaders were delighted and headed to the acting director. Chairman of the Council of Ministers E. Gaidar. However, he quickly cooled down the hope that had flared up, saying that the president’s promises were not backed up by financial funds, and nuclear weapons were increasing tension in the world.

Prime Minister V. Chernomyrdin also visited Arzamas-16, even three times, and promised unconditional support. Each of his visits was marked by the repayment of salary arrears, but after his departure everything returned to normal.

No, no, yes, it was heard from the lips of new wave politicians and even military leaders that nuclear weapons are a huge evil that must be immediately dismantled and disposed of. However, the entire history of the second half of the 20th century has proven that it is, first of all, a political weapon of deterrence, and as long as we have it, we are forced to be taken into account. Yes, at the dawn of the atomic age, humanity was interested in the peaceful development of nuclear energy. And who, what politicians, needs to know why the great achievement of human civilization has become destructive. These difficult questions haunted Academician Negin, who was accustomed to answering for everyone and everything.

Awards

• Honorary citizen of the city of Sarov.
• He was awarded four Orders of Lenin, the Order of the October Revolution, the Order of the Patriotic War, II degree, the Order of the Red Star, two Orders of the Red Banner of Labor, and the medal “For Victory in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945.”
• Winner of the Lenin Prize (1959), two Stalin Prizes (1951, 1953) and the USSR State Prize (1985).
• For great services in the development of the defense industry, by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated April 20, 1956 (“closed”), Evgeniy Arkadyevich Negin was awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor with the presentation of the Order of Lenin and the Hammer and Sickle gold medal.

Memory

In the city of Bor, Nizhny Novgorod region, a memorial plaque was unveiled to Negin E.A. on the building of the State Museum of Local Lore.

Sources

• Materials of the museum of Bor, Nizhny Novgorod. I. Gogoleva.

Evgeny Arkadyevich Negin (1921-1998) - Russian scientist, academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, lieutenant general engineer, Hero of Socialist Labor, laureate of the Stalin Prize. He devoted almost 50 years of his life to work at the Russian Federal Nuclear Center, All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Physics “Arzamas-16”.

Where it all began

In 1938, he graduated with honors from high school in Gorky, and without exams entered the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics at Gorky State University. N.I. Lobachevsky. In 1941 he was drafted into the army and sent as a cadet to the Air Force Engineering Academy. NOT. Zhukovsky. The practice took place at the front, in active aviation units.

In 1949 he was transferred to work at KB-11 (Sarov). A few years later, Negin E.A. is appointed chief designer, and Yu.B. Khariton - scientific director of KB-11.

Doctor of Technical Sciences without defending a dissertation

In 1958 he became a Doctor of Technical Sciences, but he did not defend his dissertation. In the development of Evgeniy Arkadyevich as a scientist, the education he received certainly played a big role: a fundamental beginning at the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics of the University of Nizhny Novgorod, plus a first-class scientific and technical education at the Air Force Engineering Academy, as well as joint work with a galaxy of leading scientists and prominent engineers to create the country's nuclear shield.

What happens in his life after retirement?

Since 1992, he headed the Laboratory of Historical Research of the All-Russian Federal Nuclear Center. Evgeniy Arkadyevich is one of the authors of the idea of ​​holding conferences on the history of the development of nuclear weapons in the USSR. As the leader of the team of authors, he made a great contribution to the preparation and publication of the book “The Soviet Atomic Project” and books on the development of thermonuclear charges.

Negin's favorite story

He was an interesting storyteller. Here is an ironic story told by Evgeny Arkadyevich.

It would seem that such a serious event in the history of Russia and even world history is the test of a hydrogen bomb in 1953. But for some reason I remember only this:

“We are sitting on the central site of the test site in the assembly building, and there, in the back, in the building there is a ready-made bomb. Igor Ivanovich Kalashnikov “almost sits on it” and suddenly says, regarding Malenkov’s radio message that the USSR already has a hydrogen bomb: “Wow, somewhere else they are doing the same thing as us...”. And Fishman looks at him with a smile: “Turn around, Igor Ivanovich, that’s what Malenkov said about her.”

Monument to E.A. Negin in the Nizhny Novgorod region

The monument to the scientist Evgeny Negin was solemnly opened on Bor by the head of the Nizhny Novgorod region Valery Shantsev on August 10, 2014. The initiative to create the monument belongs to local historians of the Nizhny Novgorod region.

“The history of any city, any settlement is made by people. The Bor land raised many talented people. These are scientists, designers, astronauts, and military personnel. But the name of Evgeniy Arkadyevich Negin, who was born and raised on Bor, stands in a special order in this series. The Nizhny Novgorod land was for him the only place where he put all his efforts into making our country strong, powerful and independent,” Valery Shantsev said at the opening ceremony.